1, Yintoni i-refractory?
Imathiriyeli echasayo ngokubanzi ibhekisa kwizinto ezingaphiliyo ezingezizo ezentsimbi ezinokumelana nomlilo okungaphezulu kwe-1580 ℃.Ibandakanya ore zendalo kunye neemveliso ezahlukeneyo ezenziwe ngeenkqubo ezithile ngokweemfuno zenjongo ethile.Ineempawu ezithile zobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuzinza komthamo olungileyo.Yinto efunekayo kuzo zonke iintlobo zezixhobo eziphezulu zokushisa.Inoluhlu olubanzi losetyenziso.
2. Iindidi zeerefractories
1. I-Acid refractories idla ngokubhekisela kwii-refractories ezinomxholo we-SiO2 omkhulu kune-93%.Into ephambili yayo kukuba inokumelana nokukhukuliseka kwe-acid slag kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, kodwa kulula ukusabela nge-alkaline slag.Izitena ze-silica kunye nezitena zodongwe zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njenge-acid refractories.Isitena se-silica yimveliso ye-siliceous equkethe ngaphezu kwe-93% ye-silicon oxide.Izinto ezisetyenziswayo ezisetyenziswayo ziquka i-silica kunye nenkunkuma yezitena ze-silica.Inokumelana okuqinileyo nokhukuliseko lwe-asidi ye-slag, umthwalo ophezulu wokuthambisa ubushushu, kwaye ayinciphisi okanye yandise kancinci emva kokubala ngokuphindaphindiweyo;Nangona kunjalo, kulula ukukhukuliseka yi-alkaline slag kwaye inokumelana ne-thermal vibration.Izitena ze-silica zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-oven ye-coke, i-glass furnace, i-asidi yensimbi yensimbi kunye nezinye izixhobo zokushisa.Izitena zodongwe zithatha udongwe oluguquguqukayo njengeyona nto iphambili ekrwada kwaye iqulethe i-30% ~ 46% yealumina.Yi-refractory ene-acidic ebuthathaka kunye nokumelana nokungcangcazela kwe-thermal kunye nokuxhathisa umhlwa kwi-acidic slag.Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi.
2. I-alkaline refractories ngokubanzi ibhekisela kwi-refractories ene-magnesium oxide okanye i-magnesium oxide kunye ne-calcium oxide njengezona zinto ziphambili.Ezi zichasi zine-refractoriness ephezulu kunye nokuchasana okunamandla kwi-alkaline slag.Umzekelo, isitena se-magnesia, isitena se-magnesia se-chrome, isitena se-chrome magnesia, isitena se-aluminium magnesia, isitena se-dolomite, isitena se-forsterite, njl.
3. I-aluminium silicate refractories ibhekisela kwii-refractories kunye ne-SiO2-Al2O3 njengenxalenye ephambili.Ngokutsho komxholo we-Al2O3, zinokwahlulwa zibe yi-semi siliceous (Al2O3 15 ~ 30%), i-clayey (Al2O3 30 ~ 48%) kunye ne-alumina ephezulu (Al2O3 enkulu kune-48%).
4. Ukunyibilika kunye nokuphosa i-refractory ibhekisela kwiimveliso ezichasayo ezinemilo ethile emva kokunyibilikisa ibhetshi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu ngendlela ethile.
5. I-refractories engathathi hlangothi ibhekisela kwii-refractories ezingelula ukusabela nge-acidic okanye i-alkaline slag kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, njenge-carbon refractories kunye ne-chromium refractories.Abanye bakwabalula iirefractories eziphezulu ze-alumina kolu didi.
6. Iirefractories ezikhethekileyo zizixhobo ezitsha ze-inorganic nonmetallic eziphuhliswe ngokwesiseko seeseramiki zemveli kunye nezichasi eziqhelekileyo.
7. I-amorphous refractory ngumxube owenziwe nge-refractory aggregate, powder, binder okanye enye i-admixtures kwi-proportion ethile, enokusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo okanye emva kokulungiswa okufanelekileyo kwamanzi.I-refractory engafakwanga luhlobo olutsha lwe-refractory ngaphandle kokubala, kwaye ukumelana nomlilo akukho ngaphantsi kwe-1580 ℃.
3, Zeziphi iirefractories ezisetyenziswa rhoqo?
Iirefractories eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka izitena ze-silica, isitena se-silica, isitena sodongwe, isitena esiphezulu se-alumina, isitena se-magnesia, njl.
Izinto ezikhethekileyo ezihlala zisetyenziswa zibandakanya isitena se-AZS, isitena se-corundum, isitena se-magnesium chromium esidityaniswe ngokuthe ngqo, isitena se-silicon carbide, isitena se-silicon nitride esidityanisiweyo se-silicon carbide, i-nitride, i-silicide, i-sulfide, i-boride, i-carbide kunye nezinye ii-refractories ezingenayo i-oxide;I-calcium oxide, i-chromium oxide, i-alumina, i-magnesium oxide, i-beryllium oxide kunye nezinye izinto eziphikisayo.
I-insulation ye-thermal esetyenziswa rhoqo kunye ne-refractory ibandakanya iimveliso ze-diatomite, iimveliso ze-asbestos, i-thermal insulation board, njl.
Izinto ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ze-amorphous refractory zibandakanya izixhobo zokulungisa iziko, izixhobo zokunqanda umlilo, izinto zokulahla umlilo, iiplastikhi ezingatshiyo, udaka olungatshiyo, izixhobo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomlilo, iiprojectiles ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomlilo, iingubo ezinomlilo, umlilo okhanyayo. -izixhobo zokulahla, udaka lwemipu, iivalvu ze-ceramic, njl.
4, Zeziphi iimpawu ezibonakalayo zeerefractories?
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-refractories ziquka izakhiwo zesakhiwo, iipropati ze-thermal, iipropati zomatshini, iipropati zenkonzo kunye neepropati zokusebenza.
Iimpawu zesakhiwo se-refractories ziquka i-porosity, ubuninzi bobuninzi, ukufunxwa kwamanzi, ukungena komoya, ukusabalalisa ubungakanani bepore, njl.
Iimpawu ze-thermal ze-refractories ziquka i-thermal conductivity, i-coefficient yokwandisa i-thermal, ukushisa okuthe ngqo, amandla okushisa, i-thermal conductivity, i-thermal emissivity, njl.
Iipropathi zoomatshini be-refractories zibandakanya amandla acinezelayo, amandla okuqina, amandla okuguquguquka, amandla e-torsional, amandla okucheba, amandla empembelelo, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, ukukhasa, ukomelela kwebhondi, imodulus elastic, njl.
Ukusebenza kwenkonzo ye-refractories kubandakanya ukumelana nomlilo, ubushushu bokunciphisa umthwalo, ukutshintshwa komgca wokufudumeza, ukuxhathisa ukutshitshiswa kwe-thermal, ukuxhathisa kwe-slag, ukuxhathisa kwe-asidi, ukuxhathisa kwe-alkali, ukuxhathisa kwe-hydration, ukuxhathisa kwe-CO, i-conductivity, ukumelana ne-oxidation, njl.
Ukusebenza kwezinto eziphikisayo kubandakanya ukuhambelana, ukudilika, ukuguquguquka, iplastiki, ukudibanisa, ukuqina, ukudibanisa, ukuqina, njl.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-15-2022