I-aluminiyam oxide

Iipropati: Okuqinileyo okumhlophe okunganyibilikiyo emanzini, akunavumba, akunancasa, kunzima kakhulu, kulula ukufunxa ukufuma ngaphandle kokuhombisa (ukufuma okutshileyo).I-alumina yi-amphoteric oxide eqhelekileyo (i-corundum iyimilo eyi-α kwaye iyeyeyona packing ene-hexagonal exineneyo, yikhompawundi engasebenziyo, enyibilikayo kancinane kwi-asidi kunye ne-alkali yokumelana nomhlwa [1]), i-soluble inorganic acid kunye nezisombululo zealkaline, eziphantse zinganyibiliki emanzini. kunye ne-non-polar organic solvents;Ukuxinana ngokuzalanayo (d204) 4.0;Indawo yokunyibilika: 2050℃.

Ukugcina: Gcina uvaliwe kwaye womile.

Ukusetyenziswa: Isetyenziswa njenge-reagent yohlalutyo, i-organic solvent dehydration, i-adsorbent, i-organic reaction catalyst, i-abrasive, i-agent yokupholisa, izinto ezikrwada zokunyibilikisa i-aluminiyam, i-refractory.

Izithako eziphambili

I-alumina iqulethe izinto zealuminiyam kunye neoksijini.Ukuba izinto ze-bauxite ekrwada ngonyango lwekhemikhali, susa iioksidi zesilicon, isinyithi, i-titanium kunye nezinye iimveliso zisulungekile kakhulu, umxholo we-Al2O3 ungaphezulu kwama-99%.Isigaba samaminerali siqulunqwe nge-40% ~ 76% γ-Al2O3 kunye ne-24% ~ 60% α-Al2O3.I-γ-Al2O3 iguqula ibe yi-α-Al2O3 kwi-950 ~ 1200℃, kunye nokunciphisa umthamo obalulekileyo.

i-aluminium oxide (i-aluminium oxide) luhlobo lwe-inorganic, uhlobo lwekhemikhali i-Al2O3, luhlobo lobunzima obuphezulu, indawo yokunyibilika ye-2054 ℃, indawo yokubilisa ye-2980 ℃, i-crystal ionized kubushushu obuphezulu, ehlala isetyenziswa xa kusenziwa izinto eziphikisayo. .

I-alumina ye-industrial ilungiswe yi-bauxite (Al2O3 · 3H2O) kunye ne-diaspore.Kwi-Al2O3 enemfuno ephezulu yokucoceka, ngokuqhelekileyo ilungiselelwe ngendlela yeekhemikhali.I-Al2O3 inama-heterocrystals amaninzi angama-homogenous, kukho ngaphezu kwe-10 eyaziwayo, kukho ngokukodwa iintlobo ze-crystal ze-3, ezizezi α-Al2O3, β-Al2O3, γ-Al2O3.Phakathi kwazo, ulwakhiwo kunye neepropati ziyahluka, kwaye i-α-Al2O3 iphantse iguqulwe ngokupheleleyo ibe yi-α-al2o3 kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu ngaphezu kwe-1300℃.

Iimpawu ezibonakalayo

InChI = 1 / Al 2 o/rAlO ₂ / c2-1-3

Ubunzima bemolekyuli: 101.96

Indawo yokunyibilika: 2054 ℃

Indawo yokubilisa: 2980℃

Ubuninzi bokwenene: 3.97g / cm3

Ukuxinana kokupakisha okuxekekileyo: 0.85 g/mL (325 mesh ~0) 0.9 g/mL (120 mesh ~325 mesh)

Ubume beCrystal: inkqubo ye-hex ye-tripartite

Ukunyibilika: okunganyibilikiyo emanzini kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi

I-conductivity yombane: Akukho conductivity yombane kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi

I-Al₂O₃ yikristale ye-ionic

Ukusetyenziswa kwenxalenye yeAlumina---artificial corundum

Ubulukhuni be-Corundum powder bunokusetyenziswa njenge-abrasive, ipolish powder, i-alumina ephezulu ye-sintered, ebizwa ngokuba yi-artificial corundum okanye ilitye elinqabileyo lokwenziwa, linokwenziwa ngeebheringi zoomatshini okanye iiwotshi kwidayimane.I-alumina ikwasetyenziswa njengezinto zokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukwenza izitena eziphikisayo, i-crucible, i-porcelain, amatye anqabileyo okwenziwa, i-alumina ikwayinto ekrwada yokunyibilikiswa kwe-aluminiyam.I-aluminium hydroxide ene-calcined inokuvelisa i-γ-.I-Gamma-al ₂O₃ (ngenxa ye-adsorption enamandla kunye nomsebenzi we-catalytic) ingasetyenziswa njenge-adsorbent kunye ne-catalyst.Icandelo eliphambili le-corundum, i-alpha-al ₂O₃.Ikristale yesithathu ekwimilo yombhobho okanye ikhoni.Inokukhanya kweglasi okanye ukukhazimla kwedayimane.Uxinaniso yi-3.9 ~ 4.1g/cm3, ubulukhuni yi-9, indawo yokunyibilika yi-2000±15℃.Ayinyibiliki emanzini, kwaye ayinyibiliki kwiiasidi kunye neziseko.Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu.Umbala ongenambala obala wathi ijeyidi emhlophe, equlathe umkhondo wechromium ebomvu eyaziwa ngokuba yirubhi;Umbala ozuba oqulethe ezimbini -, ezintathu - okanye ezine - intsimbi ye-valent ibizwa ngokuba yisafire;Iqulethe umlinganiselo omncinci we-ferric oxide emnyama engwevu, umbala omnyama obizwa ngokuba yi-corundum powder.Ingasetyenziswa njengeebheringi zezixhobo ezichanekileyo, iidayimane zeewotshi, amavili okusila, iipolishi, ii-refractories kunye nezithinteli zombane.Amatye anqabileyo anemibala eqaqambileyo asetyenziselwa ukuhlobisa.Synthetic ruby ​​enye crystal laser imathiriyeli.Ukongeza kwiiminerali zendalo, inokwenziwa nge-hydrogen kunye ne-oxygen flame enyibilikisa i-aluminium hydroxide.

I-alumina ceramic

I-alumina yahlulwe yaba yi-alumina e-calcined kunye ne-alumina ye-industrial eqhelekileyo.I-alumina ene-calcined yinto efunekayo eluhlaza kwimveliso yezitena zakudala, ngelixa i-alumina ye-industrial ingasetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwelitye le-microcrystalline.Kwimikhenkce yesiNtu, i-alumina ihlala isetyenziswa njengomhlophe.Ukusetyenziswa kwe-alumina kuyanda unyaka nonyaka njengoko izitena zakudala kunye namatye e-microcrystalline athandwa yimarike.

Ke ngoko, iiseramics ze-alumina zavela kumzi mveliso we-ceramic-i-alumina ceramics yayiluhlobo lwemathiriyeli ye-ceramic kunye ne-Al₂O₃ njengeyona nto iphambili ekrwada kunye ne-corundum njengeyona nqanaba lekristale.Ngenxa yamandla ayo omatshini aphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ilahleko ephezulu ye-dielectric, ukuxhathisa ubushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nokubola kweekhemikhali kunye nokuhamba kakuhle kwe-thermal kunye nezinye iingenelo zokusebenza kobugcisa obugqibeleleyo.